Sometimes, sometimes not. Many 401(k)s have restrictions not that “you can’t invest in X”, just “you must choose from the things offered by this account”.

He got a job making $100k a year

$100k per year writing code at a defence contractor isn’t very much.

Not “Public Domain”. That has a specific meaning in copyright law. It’s about creative works that are owned by the public and not subject to copyright.

What the judge decided is that their outputs are Public Records: “qualified as public records subject to the state’s Public Records Act”.

Put a license plate reader indoors?